Summary

This layer contains the spatial information on the geological formations of India. It is prepared with the help of maps from Geological Survey of India.

Description

Geology is the science that deals with the study of the earth as a whole. Since it is a huge subject, it has been divided into several branches like physical geology, geomorphology, mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, geohydrology etc. The geological history of India started with the geological evolution of rest of the Earth i.e. 4.57 bya (billion years ago). India has a diverse geology. Different regions in India contain rocks of all types belonging to different geologic periods. Some of the rocks are badly deformed and transmuted while others are recently deposited alluvium that are yet to undergo diagenesis. Mineral deposits of great variety are found in the subcontinent, in huge quantity. Even the fossil records are impressive in which stromatolites, invertebrates, vertebrates and plant fossils are included. India's geographical land area can be classified into- Deccan Trap, Gondwana and Vindhyan.

This map....

Various rock formations of India have been given in the layer along with detailed geological description, geological age, location etc. This will be quite helpful to communities interested in understanding the geology of India.

External Links

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_craton
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_India
http://www.portal.gsi.gov.in/

References

• Briggs, John C. (2003) The Biogeographic and Tectonic History of India. Journal of Biogeography 30:381–388
• Ray, J.S., Journal of Earth System Science, February, 2006
• Parbin Singh, Engineering and General Geology, 1999
• Trans. Min. Geology Institute India, 1, 47 (1906)
• Rec. Geology Survey India, 69, 109 and 458 (1935)
• Mem. Geology Survey India, 70 (1936 and 1940)